Mathematician

What To Learn

High School

Suggested Steps to Prepare for a Mathematician Career (Grades 6-12)

Check out the recommended classes, activities and skills below for each grade level. These recommendations are very general -- discuss your specific course plan with your school counselors and teachers.

AI-assisted and curriculum-reviewed guidance. Talk with your counselor or teacher about your specific plan.
Grades 6-8

Helpful Classes

  • Science
  • Math
  • Technology
  • Communication

Things to Try

  • Collect samples or observations and record them carefully in tables or journals, Compare results from a simple experiment and explain what may have caused the difference, Practice using graphs, measurements, and evidence to answer a question, Interview a mathematician about research, testing, and careful documentation

Focus Skills

  • Observation
  • Data analysis
  • Accuracy
  • Critical thinking
  • Documentation

Helpful Classes

  • Biology
  • Chemistry
  • Algebra I
  • English
  • Computer Applications

Recommended Learning Areas

  • scientific observation
  • data tables
  • measurement
  • lab safety
  • communication

Things to Try

  • Join science fair, lab, or environmental projects and keep accurate notes and measurements, Practice handling samples, data tables, or field observations using safe procedures, Compare patterns in data and explain what the evidence suggests, Shadow a mathematician or lab worker to see how tests and records are managed

Focus Skills

  • Observation
  • Data analysis
  • Accuracy
  • Critical thinking
  • Documentation

Helpful Classes

  • Chemistry
  • Biology
  • Algebra II
  • Environmental Science or Physics
  • Technical Writing

Recommended Learning Areas

  • sampling
  • laboratory methods
  • graphing
  • scientific writing
  • environmental or physical systems

Things to Try

  • Design a small investigation with a question, procedure, measurements, and conclusion, Use lab tools, maps, or field observations to gather and organize evidence, Practice graphing, reporting, and checking data for accuracy and consistency, Observe how scientists use safety rules, controls, and repeatable methods

Focus Skills

  • Observation
  • Data analysis
  • Accuracy
  • Critical thinking
  • Documentation

Helpful Classes

  • Chemistry
  • Physics or Environmental Science
  • Statistics
  • Biology
  • Research Methods

Recommended Learning Areas

  • experimental design
  • statistics
  • field or lab methods
  • data interpretation
  • reporting

Things to Try

  • Complete a research, lab, or field project with sampling, analysis, and technical reporting, Compare methods used to test materials, chemicals, organisms, or environmental conditions, Practice statistics, quality checks, and written summaries of results, Interview professionals about experimental design, compliance, and documentation

Focus Skills

  • Observation
  • Data analysis
  • Accuracy
  • Critical thinking
  • Documentation

Helpful Classes

  • Chemistry
  • Biology or Physics
  • Statistics
  • Research Methods
  • Technical Writing

Recommended Learning Areas

  • applied research
  • quality control
  • technical reporting
  • analysis methods
  • compliance and safety

Things to Try

  • Build a portfolio with lab notes, field observations, data analysis, and technical reports, Complete a capstone tied to testing, research, quality control, or environmental monitoring, Compare pathways in laboratory, environmental, biological, chemical, and technical science roles, Practice presenting evidence clearly and defending your conclusions

Focus Skills

  • Observation
  • Data analysis
  • Accuracy
  • Critical thinking
  • Documentation

Education Level

Education training and experience are required at different levels for success in different occupations.

Master's degree

Mathematicians typically need at least a master's degree in mathematics or statistics. However, some positions are available to those with a bachelor's degree. In private industry, mathematicians typically need either a master's degree or a doctoral degree. For jobs with the federal government, candidates need at least a bachelor's degree in mathematics or significant coursework in mathematics.

Insider Info

Additional Information

A bachelor's degree in mathematics is the minimum education needed for most entry-level jobs. Mathematicians in private industry are likely to have master's degrees or PhDs. However, many people in related fields (such as computer science, systems engineering) have just a bachelor's degree.

"There's a lot of opportunity for master's [degree holders]," says mathematician Matt Davison. He teaches applied mathematics. "Even for bachelor's [degree holders], there are opportunities. But if you want a mathematical-like job with a bachelor's, then the best thing to do is actuarial science, which is an insurance mathematician. There are lots of great jobs available for people with bachelor's in that area."

Mathematicians teaching and conducting research at universities almost always have a PhD in mathematics. Some colleges employ mathematics instructors with only a master's degree.

Applied mathematics requires training in the particular field. Fields in which applied mathematics is used extensively include physics, actuarial science, engineering and operations research. Of increasing importance are computer and information science, business and industrial management, economics, statistics, chemistry, geology, life sciences and the behavioral sciences.

"There's a lot of work in the financial industry for people with master's in mathematics," says Davison, who does a lot of work on the pricing and hedging of financial contracts in financial markets. "And... in government sectors there's a fair bit of work just sort of looking at and analyzing the data that governments have to make decisions."